Brendan Creane 0b4c0f2080 net/dns/resolver: treat DNS REFUSED responses as soft errors in forwarder race (#19053)
When racing multiple upstream DNS resolvers, a REFUSED (RCode 5) response
from a broken or misconfigured resolver could win the race and be returned
to the client before healthier resolvers had a chance to respond with a
valid answer. This caused complete DNS failure in cases where, e.g., a
broken upstream resolver returned REFUSED quickly while a working resolver
(such as 1.1.1.1) was still responding.

Previously, only SERVFAIL (RCode 2) was treated as a soft error. REFUSED
responses were returned as successful bytes and could win the race
immediately. This change also treats REFUSED as a soft error in the UDP
and TCP forwarding paths, so the race continues until a better answer
arrives. If all resolvers refuse, the first REFUSED response is returned
to the client.

Additionally, SERVFAIL responses from upstream resolvers are now returned
verbatim to the client rather than replaced with a locally synthesized
packet. Synthesized SERVFAIL responses were authoritative and guaranteed
to include a question section echoing the original query; upstream
responses carry no such guarantees but may include extended error
information (e.g. RFC 8914 extended DNS errors) that would otherwise
be lost.

Fixes #19024

Signed-off-by: Brendan Creane <bcreane@gmail.com>
2026-03-23 10:40:05 -07:00
2026-03-02 08:04:19 -08:00
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Tailscale

https://tailscale.com

Private WireGuard® networks made easy

Overview

This repository contains the majority of Tailscale's open source code. Notably, it includes the tailscaled daemon and the tailscale CLI tool. The tailscaled daemon runs on Linux, Windows, macOS, and to varying degrees on FreeBSD and OpenBSD. The Tailscale iOS and Android apps use this repo's code, but this repo doesn't contain the mobile GUI code.

Other Tailscale repos of note:

For background on which parts of Tailscale are open source and why, see https://tailscale.com/opensource/.

Using

We serve packages for a variety of distros and platforms at https://pkgs.tailscale.com.

Other clients

The macOS, iOS, and Windows clients use the code in this repository but additionally include small GUI wrappers. The GUI wrappers on non-open source platforms are themselves not open source.

Building

We always require the latest Go release, currently Go 1.25. (While we build releases with our Go fork, its use is not required.)

go install tailscale.com/cmd/tailscale{,d}

If you're packaging Tailscale for distribution, use build_dist.sh instead, to burn commit IDs and version info into the binaries:

./build_dist.sh tailscale.com/cmd/tailscale
./build_dist.sh tailscale.com/cmd/tailscaled

If your distro has conventions that preclude the use of build_dist.sh, please do the equivalent of what it does in your distro's way, so that bug reports contain useful version information.

Bugs

Please file any issues about this code or the hosted service on the issue tracker.

Contributing

PRs welcome! But please file bugs. Commit messages should reference bugs.

We require Developer Certificate of Origin Signed-off-by lines in commits.

See commit-messages.md (or skim git log) for our commit message style.

About Us

Tailscale is primarily developed by the people at https://github.com/orgs/tailscale/people. For other contributors, see:

WireGuard is a registered trademark of Jason A. Donenfeld.

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